Lesson Plan: Advanced Addition and Subtraction

Class/Grade: I (Age group: 6–7 years)
Subject: Mathematics (गणित)
Topic: Advanced Addition and Subtraction (उन्नत जोड़ और घटाव) – With carrying over (regrouping) in addition and borrowing in subtraction (up to two-digit numbers)
Method: Bilingual (Hindi-English Parallel Approach) – Hindi for explanations, stories, and building confidence; English for key math terms and simple practice sentences.
Duration: 45 minutes (fun, hands-on with short breaks)
Board Alignment: CBSE/NCERT Class 1 Mathematics (extension from basic addition/subtraction to regrouping)

Learning Objectives

By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:

  1. Understand carrying over in addition (e.g., 18 + 7 = 25) and borrowing in subtraction (e.g., 23 – 8 = 15).
  2. Solve two-digit addition/subtraction problems with regrouping.
  3. Use base-10 blocks or drawings to show regrouping.
  4. Say simple sentences like "I carry over 1 ten" in English with Hindi support.
  5. Enjoy solving problems through games and stories.

Key Vocabulary (Simple words with Hindi meanings)

  1. Addition (जोड़) – Putting together
  2. Subtraction (घटाव) – Taking away
  3. Carry over (हासिल देना) – Move 10 to next place
  4. Borrow (उधार लेना) – Take 10 from next place
  5. Tens (दहाई) – Group of 10
  6. Ones (इकाई) – Single numbers
  7. Regroup (पुनर्समूहीकरण) – Make new groups
  8. Sum (योग) – Answer in addition
  9. Difference (अंतर) – Answer in subtraction
  10. Number (संख्या)
  11. Block (ब्लॉक) – Like bundling sticks
  12. Full ten (पूरा दस)
  13. More (और) / Less (कम)

Materials Required

  • Base-10 blocks (or bundling sticks/bundles of 10 straws + single straws)
  • Real objects: Apples/toys for stories
  • Number cards (10–99)
  • Whiteboard for vertical addition/subtraction
  • Crayons/paper for drawing tens and ones
  • Flashcards: Problems like 29 + 6, 34 – 7
  • Worksheet: Simple regrouping problems with pictures
  • Stickers/smileys for rewards

Procedure

1. Warm-up (5–7 minutes)

Objective: Review basic and connect to advanced.

  • Greet: "Good morning, super mathematicians! नमस्कार! आज हम बड़ा जोड़-घटाव खेलेंगे।"
  • Story: "राम के पास 18 सेब हैं। वह 7 और लेता है। कितने होंगे? (Ram has 18 apples. He takes 7 more.)" Students guess in Hindi → Teacher: "We need to carry over! हासिल देना पड़ेगा।"
  • Quick game: Show 9 + 1 → "9 ones + 1 = full ten! पूरा दस बन गया।"
2. Introduction to Carrying Over in Addition (10 minutes)

Objective: Explain regrouping bilingually.

  • Explain: "जब ones में 10 या अधिक हो जाएँ, तो हम 10 को tens में carry over करते हैं। When ones make 10 or more, we carry over to tens."
    Use blocks: Show 18 (1 ten + 8 ones) + 7 ones → "8 + 7 = 15 ones. 10 ones make 1 ten (carry over), 5 ones left."

  • Board vertical:

    text
     
    18
+  7
----
   25  (Carry 1 ten)
     
     

  • Choral: "Carry over! हासिल!"

3. Main Activity 1: Hands-on Addition with Regrouping (10 minutes)

Objective: Practice carrying.

  • Groups: Give base-10 blocks.
    • Problems: 14 + 9, 27 + 6
    • "Make numbers with blocks. Add ones first. If full ten, carry over! दहाई में हासिल दो।"
  • Teacher helps: "Say: I carry over 1 ten."
4. Main Activity 2: Borrowing in Subtraction (10 minutes)

Objective: Introduce borrowing.

  • Explain: "जब ones कम हों, तो tens से borrow करते हैं। When ones are less, borrow 10 from tens."
    Blocks: 23 – 8 → "3 ones not enough. Borrow 1 ten (make 13 ones), tens become 1."

  • Board:

    text
     
    23
-  8
----
   15  (Borrow 1 ten)
     
     

  • Groups: Try 31 – 7, 42 – 9 with blocks.

5. Mixed Practice and Speaking (5 minutes)

Objective: Use both.

  • Pairs: One says problem in Hindi, partner solves and says "I borrow" or "carry over" in English.
  • Quick board race: Solve 19 + 6, 25 – 9.
6. Conclusion and Wrap-up (5 minutes)
  • Recap: "What do we do when ones are more than 9? हासिल देते हैं!"
  • Rhyme: "Carry over, borrow too, addition subtraction fun for you!"
  • Praise with stickers: "You are regrouping stars!"

Assessment

  • Formative: Observation of block use, correct carrying/borrowing.
  • Oral: "Show me carry over with blocks."
  • Worksheet: 4–5 simple problems (draw tens/ones, solve).
  • Self-assessment: Thumbs up: "I can carry over!"

Differentiation

  • Advanced: Problems like 39 + 14 (double regrouping intro).
  • Struggling: More Hindi, start with basic 9 + 2, extra blocks.
  • Active: Extra block games.

Homework

  • Draw tens and ones for 28 + 5 → Solve and show carry over.
  • Tell family one problem: "29 minus 7 – I borrow!"

This bilingual lesson uses stories, blocks, and play to make advanced addition/subtraction easy and exciting for Grade I! 😊