Learning Objectives (Learning Outcomes)
English
By the end of this lesson, students will be able to:
- Understand division as equal sharing and equal grouping.
- Use the division symbol (÷).
- Divide numbers using objects and pictures.
- Relate division to multiplication.
- Solve simple division facts within 20.
- Solve everyday division word problems.
हिन्दी
इस पाठ के अंत तक विद्यार्थी—
- भाग (Division) को समान बाँटना और समान समूह बनाना समझेंगे।
- भाग के चिन्ह (÷) का सही प्रयोग करेंगे।
- वस्तुओं और चित्रों की सहायता से भाग करेंगे।
- भाग और गुणा के संबंध को समझेंगे।
- 20 तक के सरल भाग के प्रश्न हल करेंगे।
- दैनिक जीवन से जुड़े भाग के प्रश्न हल करेंगे।
Previous Knowledge
Students already know:
- Numbers up to 100
- Addition
- Subtraction
- Multiplication as Repeated Addition
- Equal Groups
Learning Outcomes (NCERT)
Students will be able to:
- Divide objects into equal groups.
- Write simple division sentences.
- Understand the relationship between multiplication and division.
- Solve simple division problems using pictures and real objects.
Teaching Learning Materials (TLM)
- Bottle Caps
- Beads
- Ice Cream Sticks
- Counters
- Paper Plates
- Fruits (Real or Paper Cut-outs)
- Multiplication and Division Flash Cards
- Blackboard
- Worksheets
- Smart Board (if available)
STUDY MATERIAL
What is Division?
English
Division means sharing equally or making equal groups.
The symbol of division is ÷.
The answer of a division is called the Quotient.
हिन्दी
Division (भाग) का अर्थ है बराबर बाँटना या समान समूह बनाना।
भाग का चिन्ह ÷ है।
भाग का उत्तर भागफल (Quotient) कहलाता है।
Vocabulary
English
हिन्दी
Division
भाग
Divide
बाँटना
Equal Sharing
समान बाँटना
Equal Groups
समान समूह
Divide Equally
बराबर बाँटना
Quotient
भागफल
Remainder
शेष
Group
समूह
Division by Equal Sharing
Example 1
There are 6 apples.
Share them equally among 2 children.
🍎🍎🍎🍎🍎🍎
Child 1 → 🍎🍎🍎
Child 2 → 🍎🍎🍎
6 ÷ 2 = 3
Each child gets 3 apples.
हिन्दी
6 सेबों को 2 बच्चों में बराबर बाँटें।
प्रत्येक बच्चे को 3 सेब मिलेंगे।
Division by Equal Grouping
Example
There are 8 flowers.
Make groups of 2 flowers.
🌸🌸 | 🌸🌸 | 🌸🌸 | 🌸🌸
There are 4 groups.
8 ÷ 2 = 4
Division as Repeated Subtraction
Example
12 ÷ 3
12 − 3 = 9
9 − 3 = 6
6 − 3 = 3
3 − 3 = 0
We subtracted 3 four times.
So,
12 ÷ 3 = 4
(Introduce this only as a simple idea, not as a formal method.)
Division and Multiplication
Division and multiplication are related.
Multiplication
Division
2 × 3 = 6
6 ÷ 2 = 3
3 × 4 = 12
12 ÷ 3 = 4
5 × 2 = 10
10 ÷ 5 = 2
4 × 5 = 20
20 ÷ 4 = 5
Division Facts (Up to 20)
Division
Answer
2 ÷ 1
2
4 ÷ 2
2
6 ÷ 2
3
6 ÷ 3
2
8 ÷ 2
4
9 ÷ 3
3
10 ÷ 2
5
12 ÷ 3
4
16 ÷ 4
4
20 ÷ 5
4
Using Pictures
🍬🍬🍬🍬🍬🍬🍬🍬
Share equally among 4 children.
Each child gets 2 candies.
8 ÷ 4 = 2
Word Problems
1
Riya has 8 chocolates.
She shares them equally among 2 friends.
How many chocolates does each friend get?
8 ÷ 2 = 4
2
There are 12 balloons.
They are divided equally into 3 groups.
How many balloons are in each group?
12 ÷ 3 = 4
3
A teacher has 15 pencils.
She gives them equally to 5 students.
How many pencils does each student get?
15 ÷ 5 = 3
4
There are 20 biscuits.
They are shared equally among 4 children.
How many biscuits does each child get?
20 ÷ 4 = 5
5
A farmer has 18 mangoes.
He puts 3 mangoes in each basket.
How many baskets does he need?
18 ÷ 3 = 6
Daily Life Examples
- Sharing chocolates among friends.
- Dividing fruits equally.
- Arranging students into equal groups.
- Keeping flowers in vases.
- Packing toys into boxes.
- Distributing notebooks in class.
Period-wise Lesson Plan
Day 1 – Introduction to Division
Warm-up (5 min)
- Give 6 counters to students.
- Ask them to share equally between 2 friends.
Teaching (15 min)
- Explain division as equal sharing.
Activity (20 min)
- Share bottle caps, pencils, or candies equally.
Assessment (5 min)
- Oral questions using real objects.
Day 2 – Equal Grouping
Warm-up (5 min)
- Revise equal sharing.
Teaching (15 min)
- Explain division by making equal groups.
Activity (20 min)
- Make groups using counters and beads.
Assessment (5 min)
- Write simple division sentences.
Day 3 – Division Facts
Warm-up (5 min)
- Revise multiplication tables of 2, 3, 4, and 5.
Teaching (15 min)
- Explain the connection between multiplication and division.
Activity (20 min)
- Division flash cards.
- Match multiplication and division facts.
Assessment (5 min)
- Oral division facts.
Day 4 – Word Problems
Warm-up (5 min)
- Story about sharing sweets.
Teaching (10 min)
- Explain keywords:
- share
- divide
- each
- equally
- every group
Activity (20 min)
- Solve picture-based and story-based questions.
Assessment (10 min)
- Solve three word problems.
Day 5 – Revision and Fun Activities
Warm-up (5 min)
- Quick division facts.
Activities (25 min)
- Equal Sharing Game
- Group Making Activity
- Division Bingo
- Pass the Ball
- Shopping Role Play
Assessment (10 min)
- Worksheet
- Oral quiz
- Exit Ticket
Cross-Curricular Integration
EVS
Share fruits equally among classmates.
Art
Draw equal groups and write the division sentence.
Physical Education
Divide students into equal teams.
Language
Read stories based on sharing and grouping.
Inclusive Education Strategies
- Use real objects for demonstration.
- Encourage pair and group activities.
- Use colourful counters and flash cards.
- Provide extra support through hands-on practice.
- Pair advanced learners with struggling learners.
Formative Assessment
- Oral questioning
- Equal sharing activity
- Picture-based division
- Flash card exercises
- Word problem solving
- Observation during activities
- Exit Ticket
Home Assignment
1. Solve
- 8 ÷ 2 = ______
- 12 ÷ 3 = ______
- 10 ÷ 5 = ______
- 20 ÷ 4 = ______
- 15 ÷ 3 = ______
2. Draw
Draw 12 flowers and divide them equally into 3 groups.
3. Write
Complete the table:
Multiplication
Division
2 × 4 = 8
8 ÷ 2 = ___
3 × 5 = 15
15 ÷ 3 = ___
4 × 3 = 12
12 ÷ 4 = ___
4. Word Problem
There are 16 oranges.
They are shared equally among 4 children.
How many oranges does each child get?
Teacher's Reflection
- Did students understand division as equal sharing and equal grouping?
- Could they relate multiplication and division?
- Were they able to solve simple division facts and word problems?
- Which activities were most engaging?
- Which learners need additional support?
Quick Revision Chart
Sharing Situation
Division Sentence
Answer
6 apples shared among 2 children
6 ÷ 2
3
8 flowers in groups of 2
8 ÷ 2
4
12 balloons in 3 groups
12 ÷ 3
4
20 biscuits among 4 children
20 ÷ 4
5
Mental Maths Practice
- 6 ÷ 2 = _____
- 8 ÷ 4 = _____
- 10 ÷ 2 = _____
- 12 ÷ 3 = _____
- 15 ÷ 5 = _____
- 16 ÷ 4 = _____
- 18 ÷ 3 = _____
- 20 ÷ 5 = _____
- 14 ÷ 2 = _____
- 9 ÷ 3 = _____
Key Points to Remember
- Division means sharing equally or making equal groups.
- The symbol of division is ÷.
- The answer of a division is called the Quotient.
- Division and multiplication are related.
- Always divide into equal groups.
- Words like share, divide, equally, each, every group often indicate division.
Memory Trick
"Share Equally, Count Each Group!"
Example:
🍎🍎🍎🍎🍎🍎
Share among 2 children
Each gets 3 apples
6 ÷ 2 = 3
Real-Life Applications
Children use division every day when they:
- Share chocolates with friends.
- Divide fruits among family members.
- Arrange students into equal teams.
- Pack toys into boxes.
- Distribute notebooks in class.
- Share biscuits during lunch.