LESSON PLAN: Light, Shadows, and Reflections

 

WEEK 1

🔦 DAY 1 – Introduction to Light

Learning Objectives

  • Students understand that light is a form of energy.

  • Light enables us to see objects.

  • Light travels in a straight line.

Teaching Steps

  1. Ask: “Can we see in complete darkness?”

  2. Explain how light enters our eyes.

  3. Define luminous (sun, candle, torch) and non-luminous objects (chair, book).

  4. Explain that light travels in a straight line (rectilinear propagation).

Activities

  • Torch + card with a hole → Students see straight-line travel.

  • Create a table: Luminous vs. Non-luminous.

Homework

  • Write 5 luminous and 5 non-luminous objects.

📤 DAY 2 – Transparent, Translucent & Opaque Objects

Learning Objectives

  • Understand how objects affect light:
    Transparent, Translucent, Opaque.

Teaching Steps

  1. Explain:

    • Transparent (glass)

    • Translucent (wax paper)

    • Opaque (wood)

  2. Explain how opaque objects form shadows.

Activities

  • Torch + materials → classify materials.

  • Fill a classification table.

Homework

  • Find 10 household objects and classify them.

🌑 DAY 3 – Shadows and Their Formation

Learning Objectives

  • Understand what a shadow is.

  • Know what is needed: light source, opaque object, screen.

Teaching Steps

  1. Demonstrate shadow formation with a torch.

  2. Explain:

    • Shadow is formed when light is blocked.

    • Shadow is always dark.

Activities

  • Students create object shadows on a wall.

  • Label the parts of a shadow formation setup.

Homework

  • Draw the setup of shadow formation and label.

📏 DAY 4 – Properties of Shadows

Learning Objectives

  • Shadow size changes with distance from light.

  • Shadow shape depends on object shape.

  • Shadows do not show color.

Teaching Steps

  1. Demonstrate:

    • Closer object → bigger shadow

    • Farther object → smaller shadow

  2. Change the angle of torch → shadow direction changes.

Activities

  • Teams experiment with shadow size and distance.

Homework

  • Write how your shadow looks in morning, noon, evening (longest/shortest).

📐 DAY 5 – Pinhole Camera (NCERT)

Learning Objectives

  • Learn what a pinhole camera is.

  • Understand inverted image formation.

  • Light travels in straight lines.

Teaching Steps

  1. Show model or video of pinhole camera.

  2. Explain image formation with ray diagram.

  3. Discuss real-life examples.

Activities

  • Make a simple pinhole camera using cardboard.

  • Observe and note inverted image.

Homework

  • Draw a ray diagram showing image formation in a pinhole camera.

WEEK 2

🪞 DAY 6 – Reflection of Light

Learning Objectives

  • Understand reflection.

  • Learn that smooth surfaces reflect light.

  • Know basic terms: Incident ray, Reflected ray, Normal.

Teaching Steps

  1. Show reflection using mirror.

  2. Explain:

    • Light bounces back from surfaces.

  3. Introduce simple ray diagram.

Activities

  • Torch + mirror experiment.

  • Students draw simple ray diagram.

Homework

  • Write 5 objects that can reflect light.

↔️ DAY 7 – Properties of Mirror Reflection

Learning Objectives

  • Learn left-right reversal.

  • Image is virtual, same size, and erect in plane mirror.

Teaching Steps

  1. Demonstrate left-right reversal by writing a word and showing in mirror.

  2. Explain types of images.

Activities

  • Mirror writing activity.

  • Compare image size and object size.

Homework

  • Write your name and draw how it appears in mirror.

🔥 DAY 8 – Real vs Virtual Images (Simple Intro)

Learning Objectives

  • Understand difference between real & virtual images (basic level).

  • Real images can be captured on a screen, virtual cannot.

Teaching Steps

  1. Use examples:

    • Pinhole camera → real image

    • Plane mirror → virtual image

  2. Simple diagrams.

Activities

  • Students identify examples from pictures.

Homework

  • Write 3 differences between real and virtual images.

🔍 DAY 9 – Shadow vs Reflection + Revision

Learning Objectives

  • Distinguish between shadow and reflection.

  • Review all concepts.

Teaching Steps

  1. Make a comparison chart:

Shadow Reflection
Formed when light is blocked Formed when light bounces
No color Shows color
Only shape Shows full details
Requires opaque object Needs smooth surface

  1. Quick revision of entire chapter.

Activities

  • Picture sorting: Shadow or Reflection?

  • Quiz with 20 quick questions.

Homework

  • Prepare for test.

📝 DAY 10 – Worksheet + Test + Project

Activities

  1. Distribute worksheets:

    • MCQs

    • Fill-ups

    • Diagrams

    • Reasoning questions

  2. Conduct a short 20-mark chapter test.

  3. Assign small project options:

    • Make a pinhole camera

    • Create a shadow puppet

    • Make a reflection maze