Number Sense & Operations
The foundation of Grade 2 olympiad math. Topics typically include counting up to 1000, place value (ones, tens, hundreds), comparing and ordering numbers, skip counting (by 2s, 3s, 5s, 10s), odd and even numbers, addition and subtraction up to 3 digits (with and without regrouping), and simple introduction to multiplication as repeated addition.
Patterns & Sequences
Identifying and extending number patterns, shape patterns, and growing/shrinking sequences. Students are often asked to find the missing number or term in a pattern.
Basic Geometry
Recognition of 2D shapes (circle, square, rectangle, triangle, pentagon, hexagon) and 3D shapes (cube, sphere, cylinder, cone). Topics include counting sides/corners/edges, lines of symmetry, and basic spatial reasoning.
Measurement
Comparing lengths, weights, and capacities. Reading a ruler (in cm and mm), telling time on both analog and digital clocks (to the nearest 5 minutes), reading a calendar, and understanding simple concepts of money (coins and notes, making change).
Data Handling
Reading and interpreting simple bar graphs, pictographs, and tally charts. Students may be asked to find the most/least frequent item or answer basic "how many more" questions from a graph.
Word Problems & Logical Reasoning
This is where olympiads differ most from school exams. Expect multi-step word problems, puzzle-type questions, "find the missing number" problems, simple Venn diagram logic, and basic deductive reasoning (e.g., "If A is taller than B and B is taller than C, who is tallest?").
Basic Fractions
Introduction to halves, quarters, and thirds — both as parts of a shape and parts of a group. Simple comparisons (e.g., "which is more: ½ or ¼?").