Lesson Plan: Letters and Words

Learning Objectives (Learning Outcomes)

By the end of the lesson, students will be able to:

English

• Identify capital and small letters.
• Recognize letter sounds.
• Match letters with pictures.
• Read simple three-letter words.
• Form simple words using letters.
• Differentiate between letters and words.
• Improve vocabulary.

हिन्दी

• बड़े तथा छोटे अक्षरों की पहचान करेंगे।
• अक्षरों की ध्वनि पहचानेंगे।
• चित्रों को अक्षरों से मिलाएँगे।
• सरल तीन-अक्षरीय शब्द पढ़ेंगे।
• अक्षरों को जोड़कर शब्द बनाएँगे।
• अक्षर और शब्द में अंतर समझेंगे।
• नए शब्द सीखेंगे।

Teaching Learning Materials (TLM)

✔ Alphabet Flash Cards

✔ Picture Cards

✔ Alphabet Chart

✔ Magnetic Letters

✔ Whiteboard

✔ Worksheets

✔ Story Book

✔ Alphabet Song

✔ Smart Board (if available)

✔ Word Cards

✔ Toys/Fruits/Objects

Previous Knowledge

Students already know

• A few alphabet letters
• Some common objects
• Basic classroom vocabulary

Learning Outcomes (NCERT)

Students can

• Recognize English letters.
• Identify beginning sounds.
• Read simple words.
• Match picture and word.
• Speak simple words confidently.

Key Vocabulary

Letter

Word

Hindi Meaning

A

Apple

सेब

B

Ball

गेंद

C

Cat

बिल्ली

D

Dog

कुत्ता

E

Egg

अंडा

F

Fish

मछली

G

Goat

बकरी

H

Hen

मुर्गी

I

Ice

बर्फ

J

Jug

जग

K

Kite

पतंग

L

Lion

शेर

M

Monkey

बंदर

N

Nest

घोंसला

O

Orange

संतरा

P

Parrot

तोता

Q

Queen

रानी

R

Rabbit

खरगोश

S

Sun

सूरज

T

Tiger

बाघ

U

Umbrella

छाता

V

Van

वैन

W

Watch

घड़ी

X

X-ray

एक्स-रे

Y

Yak

याक

Z

Zoo

चिड़ियाघर

STUDY MATERIAL

What is a Letter?

English

Letters are the building blocks of words.

There are 26 letters in the English alphabet.

There are

• 26 Capital Letters (A-Z)
• 26 Small Letters (a-z)

हिन्दी

अक्षर शब्द बनाने की सबसे छोटी इकाई है।

अंग्रेज़ी वर्णमाला में 26 अक्षर होते हैं।

• 26 बड़े अक्षर (Capital Letters)
• 26 छोटे अक्षर (Small Letters)

Capital Letters

A B C D E F G H I J K L M

N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Small Letters

a b c d e f g h i j k l m

n o p q r s t u v w x y z

What is a Word?

English

A word is made by joining letters together.

Examples

cat

bat

sun

pen

ball

book

हिन्दी

जब दो या दो से अधिक अक्षर मिलकर अर्थपूर्ण रूप बनाते हैं, तो उसे शब्द (Word) कहते हैं।

उदाहरण

cat

bat

sun

pen

ball

book

Difference Between Letter and Word

Letter

Word

A

Apple

B

Ball

C

Cat

D

Dog

Letter Sounds (Phonics)

A → /a/ → Apple

B → /b/ → Ball

C → /k/ → Cat

D → /d/ → Dog

E → /e/ → Egg

F → /f/ → Fish

G → /g/ → Goat

H → /h/ → Hen

Three Letter Words

cat

bat

rat

hat

sun

cup

pen

fan

bus

jam

man

top

log

hen

cow

Four Letter Words

book

fish

tree

frog

lion

milk

ship

hand

duck

lamp

Five Letter Words

apple

table

chair

grape

tiger

zebra

plant

bread

happy

green

Rhyming Words

cat – bat – hat – rat

pen – hen – ten

sun – bun – run

dog – log – fog

man – fan – van

Action Words

run

jump

eat

read

write

walk

sing

dance

sleep

play

Naming Words

boy

girl

cat

dog

book

school

teacher

apple

ball

car

Opposite Words

big – small

hot – cold

up – down

day – night

open – close

happy – sad

Classroom Words

book

pen

pencil

bag

eraser

ruler

desk

chair

teacher

school

Fruits

apple

mango

banana

grapes

orange

guava

papaya

pear

Animals

cat

dog

cow

lion

tiger

elephant

horse

goat

monkey

Birds

hen

crow

parrot

peacock

duck

sparrow

owl

eagle

Colours

red

blue

green

yellow

black

white

pink

brown

Numbers in Words

one

two

three

four

five

six

seven

eight

nine

ten

Days of the Week

Sunday

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Friday

Saturday

Months

January

February

March

April

May

June

July

August

September

October

November

December

Sentence Reading

I am Ram.

This is a cat.

The sun is hot.

She has a doll.

He has a bat.

The bird can fly.

This is my school.

I love my family.

The ball is red.

We play together.

Period-wise Lesson Plan

Day 1: Introduction to Letters

Learning Objective: Identify capital and small letters.

Warm-up (5 min):

• Sing the Alphabet Song.
• Recite A–Z together.

Teaching (15 min):

• Introduce capital and small letters.
• Show alphabet chart.
• Match capital letters with small letters.

Activity (15 min):

• Find the matching letter cards.
• Air-writing and finger tracing of letters.

Assessment (5 min):

• Ask students to identify random letters.

Day 2: Letter Sounds and Picture Association

Learning Objective: Recognize letter sounds and beginning sounds.

Warm-up (5 min):

• Revise letters A–Z.

Teaching (15 min):

• Introduce phonics for A–H.
• Show picture cards (A–Apple, B–Ball, etc.).

Activity (15 min):

• Match picture cards with the correct letter.
• "I Spy" game: Find objects beginning with a given letter.

Assessment (5 min):

• Students say the first sound of shown pictures.

Day 3: Building Words

Learning Objective: Form and read simple words.

Warm-up (5 min):

• Revise letter sounds.

Teaching (15 min):

• Explain that words are made from letters.
• Build words using magnetic letters: c + a + t = cat.

Activity (15 min):

• Students make three-letter words (cat, bat, sun, pen).
• Pair work with word cards.

Assessment (5 min):

• Read aloud the words formed.

Day 4: Vocabulary Development

Learning Objective: Learn common everyday words.

Warm-up (5 min):

• Picture naming.

Teaching (15 min):

• Introduce classroom objects, animals, fruits, colours, and action words.

Activity (15 min):

• Sorting game: Place picture cards into categories (animals, fruits, colours).
• Word-picture matching.

Assessment (5 min):

• Oral naming and identification.

Day 5: Reading Simple Sentences and Revision

Learning Objective: Read simple sentences using familiar words.

Warm-up (5 min):

• Quick alphabet and word revision.

Teaching (10 min):

• Read simple sentences with correct pronunciation.

Activity (20 min):

• Read-and-point activity.
• Students read sentences in pairs.
• Word bingo or alphabet treasure hunt.

Assessment (5 min):

• Individual reading of one sentence and identification of letters/words.

Cross-Curricular Integration

• Art: Colour alphabet pictures and decorate letter charts.
• Mathematics: Count the number of letters in words.
• EVS: Identify animals, fruits, and classroom objects.
• Music: Sing alphabet and phonics songs.

Inclusive Education Strategies

• Use large-print alphabet charts.
• Provide tactile (sandpaper) letters for kinesthetic learners.
• Pair advanced learners with struggling learners.
• Encourage oral responses for children who are not yet writing confidently.

Formative Assessment

• Oral questioning
• Letter recognition
• Picture-letter matching
• Word reading
• Sentence reading
• Observation during activities
• Exit ticket: Say one letter and one word beginning with it

Home Assignment

1. Write A–Z capital and small letters.
2. Draw and colour five objects and write their beginning letters.
3. Write ten three-letter words.
4. Read the simple sentences aloud with your parents.
5. Find five words at home (from books, packets, or labels) and copy them into your notebook.