Questions and Answers: The Constitution of India

 

SECTION A: OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Choose the correct answer.

  • Q1. Which one of the following refers to a fundamental legal document according to which the government of a country functions?
    • (a) Nation
    • (b) Constitution
    • (c) Legislature
    • (d) Executive
    • Answer: (b) Constitution
  • Q2. Every law enacted by the government has to be in conformity with the
    • (a) Fundamental Rights
    • (b) Policy of the Foreign Government
    • (c) Constitution
    • (d) None of these
    • Answer: (c) Constitution
  • Q3. Which one of the following refers to an introduction in which the purpose of the Constitution is given?
    • (a) Preamble
    • (b) Fundamental Rights
    • (c) Directive Principles
    • (d) None of these
    • Answer: (a) Preamble
  • Q4. Which one of the following refers to a country free from external control?
    • (a) Sovereign
    • (b) Republic
    • (c) Socialist
    • (d) Secular
    • Answer: (a) Sovereign
  • Q5. India has governments in the states and at the centre which shows that it has
    • (a) A Secular System of Government
    • (b) A Federal System of Government
    • (c) Democracy
    • (d) Socialism
    • Answer: (b) A Federal System of Government
  • Q6. The idea of the Preamble has been taken from the Constitution of
    • (a) England
    • (b) Ireland
    • (c) Switzerland
    • (d) United States
    • Answer: (d) United States
  • Q7. The 42nd Amendment of the Constitution added which of the following words to the Preamble?
    • (a) Socialist
    • (b) Secular
    • (c) Both (a) and (b)
    • (d) None of these
    • Answer: (c) Both (a) and (b)
  • Q8. The 42nd Amendment was carried out in
    • (a) 1975
    • (b) 1976
    • (c) 1977
    • (d) 1978
    • Answer: (b) 1976
  • Q9. Which of the following form/forms of justice is/are granted by our Preamble?
    • (a) Social
    • (b) Economic
    • (c) Political
    • (d) All of these
    • Answer: (d) All of these
  • Q10. 'Fraternity' implies
    • (a) Brotherhood
    • (b) Hatred
    • (c) Jealousy
    • (d) Enmity
    • Answer: (a) Brotherhood
  • Q11. Which of the following statements are true about the person shown in the picture? (Note: The person pictured is Dr. Rajendra Prasad)
    • I. He was a prominent member of the Constituent Assembly.
    • II. He was the chairman of the Drafting Committee. (False, that was Dr. B.R. Ambedkar)
    • III. He was the chairman of the Constituent Assembly.
    • IV. He was elected as the first President of independent India.
    • Answer: (c) I, III and IV

2. Match the columns given below (Corrected Pairs)

  • 1. Preamble → (b) An introduction to the Constitution
  • 2. Fundamental Rights → (a) Crucial for a citizen's all-round development
  • 3. Directive Principles → (d) Guidelines given by the Constitution to the government
  • 4. Secular State → (c) A country where there is no official state religion
  • Correct Option Selection: (a) 1 - b, 2 - a, 3 - d, 4 - c

3. Fill in the blanks

  • Chart 1: Key Focus Areas Focused On By The Government
    • Health | Education | Employment | Infrastructure (or Welfare)
  • Chart 2: Key Values Contained In Our Constitution
    • Justice | Liberty | Equality | Fraternity

4. State True or False

  1. The Constitution of India protects the rich and powerful and excludes common citizens.
    • Answer: False
  2. Mahatma Gandhi was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee.
    • Answer: False (It was Dr. B.R. Ambedkar)
  3. India has a federal system of government.
    • Answer: True
  4. Our country is free to make its own policy decisions without outside control.
    • Answer: True
  5. Secularism defines having a state-approved religion.
    • Answer: False

SECTION B: CASE STUDY & SOURCE BASED QUESTIONS

Case Study Based Questions

  • (i) How many functions of the Constitution are mentioned?
    • Answer: Three distinct functions are outlined in the text.
  • (ii) Why does a modern society require a clear set of rules?
    • Answer: To prevent the concentration of arbitrary power, maintain civil order, and ensure the government operates within legal boundaries.
  • (iii) Mention one key feature of the Indian Constitution.
    • Answer: Federalism (or Separation of Powers).
  • (iv) How does the Constitution ensure that power is not misused?
    • Answer: By separating governmental powers among three branches (legislature, executive, and judiciary) to establish a system of checks and balances.

Source Based Questions

  • Q1. In how many tiers or levels is the power shared in our government?
    • (a) Two
    • (b) Three
    • (c) Four
    • (d) Five
    • Answer: (b) Three (Central, State, and Local Self-Government)

SECTION C: DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONS

F. Short Answer Type Questions

  • Q1. What is meant by a 'Sovereign' state?
    • Answer: A sovereign state means a country that is completely independent and free from any external control or interference in managing its domestic and foreign policies.
  • Q2. What values does the Indian Preamble reflect?
    • Answer: The Preamble reflects the core values of justice, liberty, equality, fraternity, sovereignty, socialism, and secularism.
  • Q3. Clarify the term 'Separation of Powers'.
    • Answer: Separation of powers means dividing the responsibilities of the state into three independent organs—the Legislature (makes laws), Executive (enforces laws), and Judiciary (interprets laws)—so that no single branch holds absolute power.
  • Q4. Explain the term 'Fundamental Rights'.
    • Answer: Fundamental Rights are a set of basic human rights guaranteed by Part III of the Constitution to all citizens to ensure their all-round development and protect them against state abuse.
  • Q5. The Constitution was enforced on 26 January 1950. Give reason.
    • Answer: This specific date was chosen because it marked the anniversary of Poorna Swaraj Day (January 26, 1930), when the Indian National Congress originally declared complete independence from British rule.

G. Long Answer Type Questions

  • Q1. Why does a democratic country need a Constitution?
    • Answer: A democratic country needs a constitution because it establishes the rule of law, defines the structure and limits of government power, safeguards fundamental rights, and ensures that majority groups do not oppress minority communities.
  • Q2. Outlining the structural division, clarify the term 'Federalism'.
    • Answer: Federalism is a system of governance where power is split between a central national government and regional state governments. In India, this structure operates through two main tiers—the Union Government at the center and State Governments in each state—with clearly outlined legal jurisdictions for both.
  • Q3. Discuss any three prominent values of the Preamble.
    • Answer:
      • Justice: Ensuring social, economic, and political fairness for all citizens without discrimination.
      • Liberty: Providing freedom of thought, expression, belief, faith, and worship.
      • Equality: Guaranteeing equal status and opportunities for every citizen before the law.

SECTION D: PICTURE BASED QUESTIONS

(Based on the image of a child working)

  • Q1. Which fundamental right is violated in the picture?
    • Answer: Right against Exploitation (specifically targeting the prohibition of child labor).
  • Q2. Explain the features of this right. Mention the relevant article.
    • Answer: This right strictly prohibits human trafficking, forced labor (begar), and the employment of children under 14 years of age in hazardous environments like factories or mines. It is protected under Articles 23 and 24 of the Indian Constitution.