Isaac Newton was a brilliant scientist born in 1643 in England, a time when the world was very different—no phones, no electricity, just candles and horses! As a young boy, Newton was curious and loved to explore how things worked. He grew up on a farm, but instead of farming, he spent his time reading, building models, and asking big questions like, “Why do apples fall from trees?” His love for learning took him to a famous university called Cambridge, where he studied math and science. Even when a big sickness called the plague forced him to stay home, Newton kept thinking and came up with some of his greatest ideas, like how gravity pulls things down.
Newton’s discoveries changed the world! He figured out that gravity is the force that makes everything stay in place, like why we don’t float away into space and why the moon stays near Earth. He also studied light and found out that white light is made of all the colors of the rainbow. Newton wrote a super important book called Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (or Principia for short), which explained his ideas about motion and gravity. His work helped scientists and inventors for hundreds of years, and kids like you in India can still see his ideas in action—like when you kick a ball and it eventually stops because of gravity and friction! Newton was a shy man but a big thinker, and his curiosity made him one of the greatest scientists ever.