Grade V विशेषण (Adjectives) and क्रिया (Verbs)

Two-Week Lesson Plan: विशेषण (Adjectives) and क्रिया (Verbs) in Hindi

Grade: V

Subject: Hindi

Duration: 2 Weeks (10 Lessons, 40–45 minutes each)

Context: Indian NCERT Hindi Curriculum (Rimjhim), adaptable for rural/urban classrooms

Overview

The NCERT Class 5 Hindi curriculum (Rimjhim) emphasizes grammar concepts like विशेषण (adjectives) and क्रिया (verbs) to enhance students’ ability to describe and express actions in sentences, supporting reading, writing, and speaking skills. Grade V students are expected to identify adjectives as describing words (e.g., सुंदर, बड़ा) and verbs as action words (e.g., दौड़ना, खाना), and use them correctly in sentences. This lesson plan builds on students’ prior knowledge of basic Hindi vocabulary and introduces types of adjectives (quality, quantity, number) and verbs (transitive, intransitive, simple tenses). It uses hands-on activities, low-cost materials, and culturally relevant examples (e.g., festivals, village life) to engage students, particularly in rural settings. Each lesson includes objectives, activities, resources, assessments, and integrates spelling and vocabulary to align with your focus on language development.

Week 1: Introduction to Adjectives and Verbs

Day 1: Introduction to विशेषण (Adjectives)

Objective: Identify adjectives as describing words and use them in sentences.
Vocabulary: विशेषण (adjective), गुण (quality), मात्रा (quantity), संख्या (number), वर्णन (description).
Materials: Chalkboard/slate, flashcards (drawn or written with objects like फूल, गाय), paper, pencils, local items (e.g., mango, cloth).
Activities:

  1. Warm-Up (5 min): Show a mango and ask, “यह कैसा है?” (What is it like?) List responses (e.g., मीठा, पीला). Introduce these as विशेषण.
  2. Discussion (10 min): Explain विशेषण as words that describe nouns (e.g., सुंदर फूल, बड़ा घर). Types: गुण (e.g., अच्छा), मात्रा (e.g., थोड़ा), संख्या (e.g., दो). Write examples: “लाल साड़ी, पाँच किताबें.” Relate to daily life: “Describe your village.”
  3. Activity: Adjective Hunt (15 min): Students list 5 विशेषण from a Rimjhim story or describe classroom objects (e.g., नीला बोर्ड). Write 3 sentences (e.g., “मेरा कुत्ता काला है।”) and spell विशेषण on slates.
  4. Wrap-Up (10 min): Quiz: “Is ‘घर’ a विशेषण?” (No). Play a spelling game: Teacher says “गुण,” students write it.
    Assessment: Check sentences for correct adjective use and spelling. Observe participation in discussions.
    Homework: Write 5 sentences with विशेषण (e.g., “बड़ा पेड़ हरा है।”) and spell विशेषण 3 times.

Day 2: Types of विशेषण

Objective: Differentiate between adjectives of quality, quantity, and number.
Vocabulary: गुणवाचक (quality), मात्रावाचक (quantity), संख्यावाचक (number).
Materials: Chart with adjective types, slates, chalk, local items (e.g., rice, books).
Activities:

  1. Warm-Up (5 min): Ask, “Describe your favorite food.” List responses (e.g., स्वादिष्ट, थोड़ा).
  2. Explanation (10 min): Discuss types:
    • गुणवाचक: Describes quality (e.g., सुंदर, तेज).
    • मात्रावाचक: Describes quantity (e.g., बहुत, कम).
    • संख्यावाचक: Describes number (e.g., एक, चार).
      Show examples: “तीन हरे पेड़।” Use rice to show मात्रा (थोड़ा चावल).
  3. Activity: Sorting Adjectives (15 min): Students categorize 10 विशेषण (e.g., लाल, दो, ज्यादा) into types on paper. Write 3 sentences using one of each type and spell गुणवाचक.
  4. Wrap-Up (10 min): Quiz: “Is ‘पाँच’ a संख्यावाचक विशेषण?” (Yes). Practice spelling मात्रा.
    Assessment: Check categorization and sentences for accuracy and spelling. Observe participation.
    Homework: Write 5 sentences with different विशेषण types (e.g., “दो मीठे आम।”) and spell संख्यावाचक.

Day 3: Introduction to क्रिया (Verbs)

Objective: Identify verbs as action words and use them in sentences.
Vocabulary: क्रिया (verb), कार्य (action), अवस्था (state), काल (tense).
Materials: Flashcards with actions (e.g., दौड़ना, लिखना), slates, paper.
Activities:

  1. Warm-Up (5 min): Play “Action Charades”: Students act out actions (e.g., खाना, नाचना); others guess the क्रिया.
  2. Explanation (10 min): Explain क्रिया as words showing actions (e.g., दौड़ना, गाना) or states (e.g., होना, लगना). Write examples: “राम दौड़ता है। सीता है।” Relate to daily life: “What do you do in school?” (पढ़ना, लिखना).
  3. Activity: Verb Search (15 min): Students list 5 क्रिया from a Rimjhim story or describe their day (e.g., उठना, खाना). Write 3 sentences (e.g., “मैं खेलता हूँ।”) and spell क्रिया on slates.
  4. Wrap-Up (10 min): Quiz: “Is ‘किताब’ a क्रिया?” (No). Play a spelling game with “कार्य.”
    Assessment: Check sentences for correct verb use and spelling. Observe charades participation.
    Homework: Write 5 sentences with क्रिया (e.g., “वह गाती है।”) and spell क्रिया 3 times.

Day 4: Types of क्रिया

Objective: Differentiate between transitive and intransitive verbs.
Vocabulary: सकर्मक (transitive), अकर्मक (intransitive), कर्म (object).
Materials: Chart with verb types, slates, pencils, local objects (e.g., ball, pen).
Activities:

  1. Warm-Up (5 min): Ask, “What actions need an object?” (e.g., kicking a ball).
  2. Explanation (10 min): Discuss types:
    • सकर्मक: Needs an object (e.g., खाना खाना, किताब पढ़ना).
    • अकर्मक: No object (e.g., दौड़ना, हँसना).
      Show examples: “मैं चावल खाता हूँ।” (सकर्मक) vs. “मैं दौड़ता हूँ।” (अकर्मक).
  3. Activity: Verb Sorting (15 min): Students categorize 10 क्रिया (e.g., लिखना, सोना) as सकर्मक or अकर्मक. Write 3 sentences (e.g., “वह पत्र लिखती है।”) and spell सकर्मक.
  4. Wrap-Up (10 min): Quiz: “Is ‘गाना’ सकर्मक or अकर्मक?” (अकर्मक). Practice spelling कर्म.
    Assessment: Check categorization and sentences for accuracy and spelling. Observe participation.
    Homework: Write 5 sentences with सकर्मक and अकर्मक क्रिया (e.g., “मैं हँसता हूँ।”) and spell अकर्मक.

Day 5: Review and Integration

Objective: Combine विशेषण and क्रिया in sentences and review Week 1 concepts.
Vocabulary: Review all words from Days 1–4, plus संयोजन (combination).
Materials: Chalkboard, slates, paper, local story (Rimjhim).
Activities:

  1. Warm-Up (5 min): Play “Describe and Act”: One student says a विशेषण (e.g., तेज), another acts a क्रिया (e.g., दौड़ना).
  2. Review Discussion (10 min): Recap विशेषण (गुण, मात्रा, संख्या) and क्रिया (सकर्मक, अकर्मक). Write examples: “पाँच सुंदर फूल खिलते हैं।”
  3. Activity: Descriptive Sentences (15 min): Students write 5 sentences using both विशेषण and क्रिया (e.g., “बड़ा कुत्ता दौड़ता है।”). Spell संयोजन.
  4. Wrap-Up (10 min): Spelling bee with 5 words (e.g., विशेषण, क्रिया, गुण). Discuss homework.
    Assessment: Check sentences for accuracy and spelling. Observe spelling bee performance.
    Homework: Prepare for a quiz on विशेषण and क्रिया (study vocabulary and forms).

Week 2: Verbs in Tenses and Advanced Applications

Day 6: Simple Present Tense with क्रिया

Objective: Use simple present tense (वर्तमान काल) for habits and facts.
Vocabulary: वर्तमान काल (present tense), आदत (habit), तथ्य (fact).
Materials: Chart with verb conjugations, slates, local items (e.g., fan, book).
Activities:

  1. Warm-Up (5 min): Ask, “आप रोज़ क्या करते हैं?” List responses (e.g., खाना, पढ़ना).
  2. Explanation (10 min): Introduce वर्तमान काल: used for habits (e.g., “मैं स्कूल जाता हूँ।”) and facts (e.g., “सूरज उगता है।”). Show conjugation: मैं/हम + verb + ता/ती/ते (जाता, जाती, जाते); वह/वे + verb + ता/ती/ते. Examples: “राम खेलता है।”
  3. Activity: Present Tense Sentences (15 min): Students write 5 sentences in वर्तमान काल (e.g., “वह गाना गाती है।”). Pair up to check verb forms and spell वर्तमान.
  4. Wrap-Up (10 min): Quiz: “What is ‘वह पढ़ता है’ in वर्तमान काल?” (Correct). Practice spelling आदत.
    Assessment: Check sentences for tense accuracy and spelling. Observe pair activity participation.
    Homework: Write 5 वर्तमान काल sentences (e.g., “मेरी माँ खाना बनाती है।”) and spell तथ्य.

Day 7: Simple Past Tense with क्रिया

Objective: Use simple past tense (भूतकाल) for completed actions.
Vocabulary: भूतकाल (past tense), समाप्त (completed).
Materials: Flashcards with verbs (e.g., जाना, खाना), slates, chart.
Activities:

  1. Warm-Up (5 min): Ask, “आपने कल क्या किया?” List responses (e.g., खेला, खाया).
  2. Explanation (10 min): Introduce भूतकाल: used for completed actions. Show conjugation: मैं/हम + verb + आ/ई/ए (गया, गई, गए); वह/वे + verb + आ/ई/ए. Examples: “मैंने किताब पढ़ी।” Discuss regular (खेला) vs. irregular (गया) verbs.
  3. Activity: Past Tense Story (15 min): Students write 5 sentences about yesterday (e.g., “मैंने क्रिकेट खेला।”). Draw one action and spell भूतकाल.
  4. Wrap-Up (10 min): Quiz: “What is ‘जाना’ in भूतकाल for मैं?” (गया). Practice spelling समाप्त.
    Assessment: Check sentences and drawings for accuracy and spelling. Observe participation.
    Homework: Write 5 भूतकाल sentences (e.g., “उसने गाना गाया।”) and spell भूतकाल.

Day 8: Simple Future Tense with क्रिया

Objective: Use simple future tense (भविष्य काल) for planned or predicted actions.
Vocabulary: भविष्य काल (future tense), योजना (plan), भविष्यवाणी (prediction).
Materials: Chart with examples, slates, paper, local items (e.g., seeds, kite).
Activities:

  1. Warm-Up (5 min): Ask, “आप कल क्या करेंगे?” List responses (e.g., पढ़ना, खेलना).
  2. Explanation (10 min): Introduce भविष्य काल: uses “गा/गी/गे” (e.g., “मैं जाऊँगा।”). For plans: “वह बाज़ार जाएगी।” For predictions: “बारिश होगी।” Show conjugation: मैं/हम + verb + ऊँगा/एँगी/एँगे; वह/वे + verb + एगा/एगी/एँगे.
  3. Activity: Future Plans (15 min): Students write 5 sentences about tomorrow or festivals (e.g., “मैं दीवाली पर दीया जलाऊँगा।”). Draw one plan and spell भविष्य.
  4. Wrap-Up (10 min): Quiz: “What is ‘खेलना’ in भविष्य काल for वह?” (खेलेगा). Practice spelling योजना.
    Assessment: Check sentences and drawings for accuracy and spelling. Observe participation.
    Homework: Write 5 भविष्य काल sentences (e.g., “हम क्रिकेट खेलेंगे।”) and spell भविष्यवाणी.

Day 9: Combining विशेषण, क्रिया, and Tenses

Objective: Use adjectives and verbs in different tenses to create descriptive sentences.
Vocabulary: Review all words, plus मिश्रित (mixed).
Materials: Chalkboard, slates, paper, local story (Rimjhim).
Activities:

  1. Warm-Up (5 min): Play “Describe and Act”: One student says a विशेषण (e.g., सुंदर), another says a क्रिया in any tense (e.g., नाचती है).
  2. Discussion (10 min): Recap विशेषण (गुणवाचक, etc.), क्रिया (सकर्मक, अकर्मक), and tenses (वर्तमान, भूत, भविष्य). Show mixed sentences: “बड़ा कुत्ता दौड़ता है। कल वह दौड़ा। कल वह दौड़ेगा।”
  3. Activity: Descriptive Story (15 min): Students write a 5-sentence story using विशेषण and क्रिया in all 3 tenses (e.g., “लंबा लड़का गाता है। उसने गाना गाया। वह गाएगा।”). Spell मिश्रित.
  4. Wrap-Up (10 min): Spelling relay: Teams write “विशेषण,” “क्रिया,” “वर्तमान.” Discuss homework.
    Assessment: Check stories for accuracy and spelling. Observe relay performance.
    Homework: Prepare for a quiz on विशेषण, क्रिया, and tenses (study vocabulary and forms).

Day 10: Review and Assessment

Objective: Assess understanding of विशेषण, क्रिया, and tenses, and consolidate learning.
Vocabulary: All words from Weeks 1–2.
Materials: Chalkboard, quiz papers, slates, pencils.
Activities:

  1. Warm-Up (5 min): Play “Grammar Bingo” (teacher calls विशेषण/क्रिया/tenses, students mark on a grid).
  2. Review Game (10 min): Teams answer questions (e.g., “What is ‘पढ़ना’ in भूतकाल?”) and spell a word (e.g., विशेषण).
  3. Final Quiz (20 min): Written quiz with 4 sections:
    • Identify: Circle विशेषण and क्रिया in 5 sentences.
    • Fill-in: Complete sentences with correct tense (e.g., “वह ___ गाना।” → गाएगा).
    • Write: Write 3 sentences using विशेषण and क्रिया in different tenses.
    • Spelling: Write 5 words (e.g., विशेषण, क्रिया, भविष्य).
  4. Wrap-Up (10 min): Discuss quiz answers. Students share one sentence with विशेषण and क्रिया in any tense.
    Assessment: Grade quizzes for accuracy and spelling. Evaluate game participation.
    Homework: Write a paragraph (5 sentences) about a festival using विशेषण, क्रिया, and all 3 tenses, and spell 2 words.

Key Features

  • Alignment with NCERT: Covers Class 5 Hindi grammar (Rimjhim) with focus on विशेषण (quality, quantity, number) and क्रिया (transitive, intransitive, tenses).
  • Rural Accessibility: Uses low-cost MATERIALS (slates, chalk, local objects) and oral activities for resource-constrained settings.
  • Language Integration: Reinforces spelling and vocabulary (e.g., विशेषण, क्रिया, वर्तमान) through games and writing, addressing your queries on language and spelling.
  • Cultural Relevance: Uses Indian contexts (e.g., Diwali, farming, markets) to make examples relatable.
  • Hands-On Learning: Includes charades, sorting, and story-writing to engage diverse learners.
  • Assessment Variety: Combines formative (sentences, participation) and summative (quiz) assessments.

Notes for Teachers

  • Adapt for Rural Settings: Use regional languages (e.g., Marathi, Tamil) for initial explanations in rural areas, transitioning to Hindi terms. If paper is scarce, use slates or dirt for writing.
  • Support Multilingual Learners: Relate Hindi verbs/adjectives to mother tongue equivalents (e.g., “sundar” in Hindi = “azhakulla” in Malayalam) to build confidence.
  • Address Gender Equity: Ensure girls participate in activities, using group work to overcome cultural barriers in villages.
  • Time Management: Adjust activity duration for large classes. Skip flashcards if unavailable, using oral examples or gestures.
  • Error Correction: Encourage learning from mistakes (e.g., “खाता” vs. “खात”) with positive feedback, especially for rural students who may fear errors.